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After the fall of the Berlin Wall, Berlin experienced a new surge in car traffic, but soon also increasingly vociferous criticism of the car-friendly city. Steglitzer Schlossstraße is one example of a main road being dismantled during this period, but this was only possible because of the parallel city motorway (Westtangente).

During the Nazi dictatorship, Albert Speer's transport plan envisaged the total expansion of the Berlin metropolitan area in favour of the automobile. Numerous new axes and rings were planned, culminating in the outer motorway ring. Within Berlin, the plans along the western axis in particular were realised.

City West is also a special feature of Berlin: a place with no history quickly became the main centre of a major city. The centrepiece of the area's rapid development was the construction of Kurfürstendamm, which was modelled on the Champs Élysées in Paris.

The avenue Unter den Linden was a magnificent street from the early days of absolutism - extraordinarily, even lavishly wide, with four rows of trees, a model for later main streets. In the first half of the 19th century, Karl Friedrich Schinkel was the main architect who shaped it.

The redesign of Market Street represents a cultural shift in the repositioning of cycling in the Californian metropolis. Gehl Architects worked with the city to introduce two elements to create a ‘Better Market Street’: spacious, elevated bike lanes and ‘street life’ zones.

Scandiagade Street in Copenhagen was transformed by 1:1 Landskab landscape architects, who designed a sustainable drainage system within a distinctive urban environment. The central reservation was converted into an open space with eight retention basins that can hold a total of 1,500 cubic metres of water during heavy rainfall.

The redesign of Boulevard Coolsingel by the Rotterdam landscape architecture firm West 8 has given the road new appeal as a shopping hub as a place for residents to gather. The space dedicated to traffic has been reduced, freeing up space for a pedestrianised street which is safe for cyclists.

Crucial to the redesign of Goethestrasse in western 
Kassel was the merging of the vehicle lanes with the tram line to create a single lane in each direction. Space was then freed up for a generous promenade to be built with a two-way cycle lane.